In 2025, according to preliminary data, the supply of natural gas and renewable energy in the EU grew compared with 2024, while the supply of coal and petroleum products decreased.
The EU’s natural gas supply grew for the second straight year, after a sharp drop in 2023. In 2025, it increased by 2.3% compared with 2024, amounting to around 13.1 million terajoules (TJ).
The supply of renewable energies grew by 1.4% compared with 2024, totalling 11.5 million TJ, despite a substantial drop in hydro power, which was the main reason for the slight decrease observed in electricity production from renewables. Nuclear energy supply also increased, but more modestly, by 0.2%, to 650,648 Gigawatt-hour (GWh).
In contrast, the supply of coal continued to decrease. Brown coal supply decreased by 7.7% to 184 741 thousand tonnes, while hard coal supply dropped by 3.2% to 107,072 thousand tonnes. Both figures are the lowest recorded since the data series began in 1990.
In terms of petroleum products, the supply totalled 448 656 thousand tonnes, indicating a 2.8% drop compared with 2023.
Source datasets: nrg_cb_sff, nrg_cb_gas, nrg_cb_oil, nrg_cb_rw and nrg_ind_pehnf
This information comes from preliminary data on energy production and imports published by Eurostat. The article presents a handful of findings from the more detailed Statistics Explained article on energy production and imports.
Renewables remain leading source of electricity
In 2025, renewable energy continued to be the main source of electricity in the EU, accounting for 47.2% of all electricity production. Renewables generated 1.33 million GWh, marking a small decrease of 0.5% compared with 2024.
Conversely, electricity generated from fossil fuels increased by 3.2% compared with the previous year, contributing 0.83 million GWh, or 29.6% of the total electricity production.
Nuclear plants produced 0.65 million GWh or 23.2% of the EU electricity production, reflecting a 0.2% increase in production compared with 2024.
Source datasets: nrg_ind_pehcf and nrg_ind_pehnf
For more information
- Statistics Explained article on energy production and imports
- Thematic section on energy
- Database on energy
- Energy visualization tools
- Energy in Europe – 2026 edition
Methodological notes
- The preliminary annual data that Eurostat publishes concern energy supply. The terms supply and inland consumption can be used interchangeably since the calculated inland consumption corresponds to the supply. Supply refers to availability of energy to be used for all purposes, including generation of electricity and heat, use in industry, transport, services and households.
- The supply of petroleum products is slightly underestimated for 2025 due to confidential refinery output of many products in Lithuania.